Seeds are multicellular. Prominent examples of green algae include Spirogyra, Ulothrix, Volvox, etc. (a) Neurospora is used in the study of biochemical genetics (b) Morels and truffles are poisonous mushrooms (c) Yeast is unicellular and useful in fermentation (d) Penicillium is multicellular and produces antibiotics. (c) Presence of male cones, nonvascular, filaments. The sex or gans in bryophytes ar e multicellular . They have a simple cellular structure and are a diverse group of photosynthetic eukaryotes ranging from unicellular to multicellular forms. They are mostly unicellular, but some, like algae, are multicellular. Mode of obtaining food - gastrotrichs, tardigrades, rotifers and nematodes). But, all the three reproduce asexualiy. This is called fission. Unicellular organisms, e.g., Amoeba, reproduce by cell division. Fission is of two types. The classification did not differentiate between the heterotrophic group – fungi, and the autotrophic green plants, though With regards to plant anatomy/structure, there are some single-celled organisms that share photosynthetic characteristics with plants (e.g. Green algae, members of the division Chlorophyta, comprising between 9,000 and 12,000 species. Answer: B. The parent body divides into two or more fragments. Among the following choose the correct option that best describes the characteristics of spirogyra. When a lizard loses its tail, it grows a new one. → Algae are unicellular like Chlamydomonas, colonial like Volvox or or filamentous like spirogyra and Ulothrix. In the past, blue-green algae were one of the most well-known types of algae. → Algae are divided into 3 classes. Among the following choose the correct option that best describes the characteristics of spirogyra. i) Binary fission:-In this method an organism divides and forms two individuals. First the nucleus divides and forms two nuclei. Then the cytoplasm divides and forms two daughter cells. 9. v) Spore formation :- In this method structures called sporangia produce tiny cells called spores. Spirogyra reproduces by asexual reproduction through fragmentation. Reproduction in algae can be vegetative, asexual, or sexual. Vegetative reproduction occurs through fragmentation, asexual occurs through formation of spores and binary fission, whereas sexual reproduction takes place by fusion of two haploid gametes. Occur in water, soil, wood moist stones etc. i) Fission:-Fission is an asexual reproduction by which a unicellular organism divides and forms two or more new individuals. → Chlorella and Spirullina are unicellular algae, rich in protein and used even by space travellers. by unicellular or multicellular rhizoids. reproduce by fragmentation. 14. Question 50. Microalgae form the viable biodiesel feedstock. (ii) Multicellular organisms: These are organisms made up of large number of cells with different functions performed by different cells. It produces gametes, hence is called a gametophyte . dinosaurs, elephants, and whales), while others are miniaturized to the point of being smaller than single-celled counterparts in the same ecosystem (e.g. The position of green algae is more ambiguous. So, cell division is a type of reproduction in unicellular … Multi-cellular organisms like planaria, spirogyra, etc. The male sex organ is called antheridium. Later, each fragment develops into a new individual. Fission is of two types. • Mode of obtaining food 3. Some algal species can reproduce by more than one means depending upon the environmental conditions. There are about 22,000 species of green algae. Fission is an asexual reproduction by which a unicellular organism divides and forms two or more new individuals. grouped together the unicellular organisms and the multicellular ones, say, for example, Chlamydomonas and Spirogyra were placed together under algae. First the nucleus divides and forms two nuclei. 3. 2. They lack true roots, stem or leaves. (i) Unicellular organisms: These are organisms made up of single cell with all activities performed by the single cell. Multicellular organisms have developed complex and specialised reproductive structures which are not possible in single celled organisms. some Green algae). They are binary fission and multiple fission.. i) Binary fission:-In this method an organism divides and forms two individuals. Question 8. Most are microscopic and live in aquatic or damp environments, and there are more unicellular protists than multicellular ones. ... Spores are unicellular. These organisms vary in terms of size, general shape/appearance and the types of organelles contained within the cell wall.. For a majority of plants, however, the general anatomy may consist of the following parts depending on the plant: 3) Regeneration. Kelp, or 'seaweed,' is a large multicellular protist that provides food, shelter, and oxygen for numerous underwater ecosystems. Extended Reading: Chloroplasts. Algae - Algae - Classification of algae: The classification of algae into taxonomic groups is based upon the same rules that are used for the classification of land plants, but the organization of groups of algae above the order level has changed substantially since 1960. Not an Algae: Blue-green Algae. (a) Multicellular, auto trophic, root like rhizoids. A feature of reproduction that is common to Amoeba, Spirogyra and yeast is that [NCERT Exemplar] (a) they reproduce asexualiy (b) they are all unicellular (c) they reproduce only sexually (d) they are all multicellular Answer: (a) Amoeba and yeast are unicellular while Spirogyra is multicellular. The green algae include unicellular and colonial flagellates, most with two flagella per cell, as well as various colonial, coccoid and filamentous forms, and macroscopic, multicellular seaweeds. (b) Cytoplasmic strands, autotrophic, presence of rhizome. iv) Fragmentation :- In this method the body of a simple multicellular organism breaks up into smaller pieces on maturation and each fragment develops into new individuals. Green algae include unicellular and colonial flagellates, most with two flagella per cell, as well as various colonial, coccoid, and filamentous forms, along with macroscopic seaweeds, all of which add to the ambiguity of green algae classification since plants are multicellular. They may possess root-like, leaf-like or stem-like structures. a) Unicellular organisms: These are organisms made up of single cell with all activities performed by the single cell. Eg :- Spirogyra. This is known as regeneration. A parent cell can divide into two or more daughter cells during this. (a) Multicellular, auto trophic, root like rhizoids. In multicellular organisms, cell by cell division is a method of growth and not a method of multiplication as in unicellular organisms. They are binary fission and multiple fission. 3.Spores are found beneath the leaves of ferns and mosses. b) Multicellular organisms: These are organisms made up of large number of cells with different functions performed by different cells. Fragmentation in Spirogyra In this method the body of a simple multicellular organism breaks up into smaller pieces on maturation and each fragment develops into new individuals. Fragmentation is another mode of asexual reproduction. e. Money plant also performs asexual reproduction through vegetative propagation. Members are unicellular, multicellular, colonial and flagellates. Moreover, some multicellular eukaryotes have struck the upper physical limits of overall body size (e.g. They can be found in soils, ice, lakes, rivers, hot springs, and oceans, anywhere sunlight and water cooccur. (d) Filamentous, presence of Cytoplasmic strands, presence of pyrenoids. The main plant body of the bryophyte is haploid.